The number of VLP seismic events (standard values 5-12) is medium, 11.4 events/hour.

The amplitude of seismic tremor is high.

The infrasonic activity is high. The acoustic pressure of explosions is medium, 1.02 bar (standard values <1 bar). The amplitude of puffing is high, ~180 mbar.

Tiltmeters analysis does not show any significant deformation of the volcano edifice

Thermal activity of explosive events is not available. The number of thermal transients in the NE sector of the crater(standard = 100) is not available. The amplitude of thermal transients is not available. Exit velocity of pyroclasts, estimated through thermal camera analysis, is not available.

MODIS thermal anomalies: no thermal anomalies.

Rockfall activity is low. The number of rockfalls is 3 per day.

SO₂ flux in the NE sector of the crater terrace is medium, 86 t/d

CO₂ flux based on the C/S of 19.22 mesured at 13:20 UTC on 2024/12/15 is high, 1841 t/d

Indice di Attività Vulcanica: high

• Seismic (VLP) rate MEDIUM
• Seismic tremor HIGH
• Puffing HIGH
• Acustic pression of explosions MEDIUM
• Thermal activity NOT AVAILABLE
• SO₂ flux MEDIUM
• CO₂ flux HIGH
• Rockfall activity LOW

The volcanic activity is generally characterized by strombolian explosions and degassing (puffing/spattering) both located at the NE crater sector. Spattering is characterized by HIGH to VERY HIGH values of pressure and this activity is correlated with seismic tremor characterized by HIGH values. In the last 24h, the Stromboli volcano showed a VERY HIGH degassing activity (puffing/spattering with values of about 180 mbar). The explosive activity is MEDIUM (max acoustic pressure 1.1 bar). The volcanic tremor shows HIGH to MEDIUM values. The number of VLP events shows HIGH values (11.4 events/hour). MODIS/VIIRS thermal data shows no thermal anomalies. SO2 flux shows MEDIUM values (last: 86 t/d recorded on the 15/12/2024), CO2 flux shows HIGH values (last: 1841 t/d based on C/S value of 19.22 recorded on the 15/12/2024). The rockfall activity is LOW (n.3 events detected). The volcanic activity index is HIGH.