The number of VLP seismic events (standard values 5-12) is medium, 9.6 events/hour.

The amplitude of seismic tremor is high.

The infrasonic activity is high. The acoustic pressure of explosions is low, 0.46 bar (standard values <1 bar). The amplitude of puffing is medium, ~50 mbar.

Tiltmeters analysis does not show any significant deformation of the volcano edifice

Thermal activity of explosive events is low. The number of thermal transients in the NE sector of the crater (standard = 100) is low, 10. The amplitude of thermal transients is low, 1.07 ºF. Exit velocity of pyroclasts, estimated through thermal camera analysis, is medium, 22 m/s.

MODIS thermal anomalies: no thermal anomalies.

Rockfall activity is medium. The number of rockfalls is 6 per day.

SO₂ flux in the NE sector of the crater terrace is low, 39 t/d

CO₂ flux based on the C/S of 35.62 mesured at 09:20 UTC on 2025/01/23 is very high, 2500 t/d

Indice di Attività Vulcanica: medium

• Seismic (VLP) rate MEDIUM
• Seismic tremor HIGH
• Puffing MEDIUM
• Acustic pression of explosions LOW
• Thermal activity LOW
• SO₂ flux LOW
• CO₂ flux VERY HIGH
• Rockfall activity MEDIUM

In the last 24h, Stromboli volcano showed a HIGH degassing activity (puffing/spattering with values of about 50 mbar), associated with a MEDIUM explosive activity (max acoustic pressure 0.46 bar) mainly located at the NE crater sector. The volcanic tremor shows HIGH values. The number of VLP events is MEDIUM (9.6 events/hour). MODIS/VIIRS thermal data don't show thermal anomalies. SO2 flux is LOW (39 t/d). The CO2 flux is VERY HIGH (daily mean flux of 2500 t/d based on a C/S ratio of 35.62 measured on 23/01/2025 at 09:20 UTC). The rockfall activity is MEDIUM (6 events detected in the last 24h, with LOW seismic energies). The volcanic activity index is MEDIUM.